Switches and VLANs
LACP
The protocol both ends of a bond speak to agree which cables belong to it, and to notice one failing.
Each end sends a LACPDU on every member (every second at the fast rate, every 30 at the slow) to
01:80:c2:00:00:02, saying who it is (actor) and what it heard (partner). A cable carries traffic only once both
agree: in sync, collecting and distributing. When the partner's LACPDUs stop, the port leaves the bond after three
missed, even if its own card still has carrier. A static bond has no protocol: a mismatch, or a far end that
cannot see the failure, loses traffic silently.