Concepts / Network services

Network services

TFTP

Also called trivial file transfer protocol, UDP 69, RRQ, WRQ, copy running-config tftp:

The simplest file transfer: UDP port 69, no login, no listing, no encryption. Network devices load images and configs with it.

A client sends a read request (RRQ) or a write request (WRQ) with a file name to UDP port 69; the file then moves in 512-byte blocks, each acknowledged, between new ports on both sides. There are no accounts and no directory listing: anyone who reaches the server and knows (or guesses) a name can read or replace the file, and every byte crosses in the clear. Routers and switches use it for backups and boot images (copy running-config tftp:); SCP and SFTP do the same job over SSH, with a login and encryption.

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