Concepts / Reconnaissance and exfiltration

Reconnaissance and exfiltration

Half-open scan

Also called SYN scan, stealth scan

Probing a TCP port with a SYN and hanging up after the reply, so no connection is ever made.

A scanner sends a SYN; an open port answers SYN/ACK, a closed one a reset. Instead of the ACK that would finish the handshake, the scanner sends a reset, so the service behind the port never gets a connection and never logs one (nmap -sS, which needs root to send its own packets). A connect scan (nmap -sT) makes the full connection through the system, as any program does, and shows up in the service's log. Half-open is quieter, not invisible: the packets still cross the wire.

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