Concepts / Switches and VLANs

Switches and VLANs

MAC address table

Also called CAM table, forwarding database, fdb, bridge fdb, MAC learning, aging time, unknown unicast flooding

A switch's record of which port each MAC address was last seen on, learned from source addresses.

Four rules. Learn: a frame arriving on a port teaches the switch that its source MAC is behind that port. Forward: a frame whose destination is in the table leaves by that port only. Flood: a frame for an unknown destination, or a broadcast, leaves by every port but the one it came in on. Age: an entry not refreshed for the aging time (300 seconds by default) is forgotten. A device that has sent nothing is not in the table, and a device that moves is found again as soon as it sends. Entries typed in by hand (static) never age out.

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